Not necessarily...

The federal government offered first time homebuyer tax credits beginning in 2008 thru the Housing and Economic Recovery Act.  The program, meant to encourage first time buyers to purchase homes in an effort to stimulate the economy was very successful, ultimately expiring in 2010. The goal was to mimimize the over abundance of housing inventory sitting on the market.  And in the last year, first time homebuyers accounted for 50% of all purchases nationwide according to a survey by NAR.  This is the highest share in 30 years.

The original version from 2008 will probably require pay back over the next 15 years of a purchaser's tax returns beginning in 2010. Even those who plan to sell their homes may have to repay the amount based on their gain at sale. There are some exceptions to the payback rule which can be seen here.

The 2009 and 2010 versions which were also extended to repeat buyers will not. Worth noting though, is that if you did purchase during these years, and you do not keep the home as your primary residence (either due to sale or move out) for 3 years following the purchase, you ARE required to repay the full amount.

Remember to use the 2010 version of form 5405 during tax season.